Effects of Media on Children and Adolescents Essays -- media influence

1.Character merchandising leave behind be processed by children at the fringy level, aka heuristic program persuasion processing, as it is a message that relies heavily on emotional attachment and source fascinatingness. These appeals rely on moderate levels of consumer attention and petty(a) need to process the message. The smooth-tongued message is not presented in a rational argument the consumer must cognitively analyze but rather it is presented with an attractive character that children either know or can easily attach to that is aimed at generating a positive emotional association with the trademark. Product musical arrangement will be processed at the automatic level, aka automatic persuasion processing, because consumers are generally unaware that they are being targeted by a convincing message. The shuffle is integrated seamlessly into media content so that children do not know it is placed their intentionally as a marketing strategy. The implicit nature of h arvest-tide location relies on the consumer to devote no explicit attention to the advertised brand and rather make a subconscious positive association. Children exposed to growth positioning do not need to be motivated or cognitively able to process the message as it is designed for implicit brand memory. 2.Rozendaal et al. accentuate the crucial difference between conceptual knowledge of denote and attitudinal knowledge. The study showed that being conceptually literate (recognizing and understanding an advertising message) does not enlarge advertising defenses in children. Therefore, interventions will most likely be ineffective as children will not use the knowledge they have when faced with a persuasive message. Moreover, most messages aimed at children are processed at the per... ...& adolescent medicine, 153(11), 1184-1189.Veldhuis, J., Konijn, E. A., & Seidell, J. C. (2012). Weight information labels on media models reduce body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. d iary of boyish Health, 50(6), 600-606.Matsuba, M. K. (2006). Searching for self and relationships online.CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(3), 275-284.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2007). Preadolescents and adolescents online communication and their closeness to friends. Developmental psychology,43(2), 267.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2008). Adolescents Identity Experiments on the Internet Consequences for Social Competence and Self-Concept Unity.Communication Research, 35(2), 208-231.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2009). Social consequences of the internet for adolescents a ex of research. rate of flow Directions in Psychological Science,18(1), 1-5. Effects of Media on Children and Adolescents Essays -- media influence 1.Character merchandising will be processed by children at the peripheral level, aka heuristic persuasion processing, as it is a message that relies heavily on emotional attachment and source attractiveness. These appeals rely on moderate levels of consumer attention and low motivation to process the message. The persuasive message is not presented in a rational argument the consumer must cognitively analyze but rather it is presented through an attractive character that children either know or can easily attach to that is aimed at generating a positive emotional association with the brand. Product placement will be processed at the automatic level, aka automatic persuasion processing, because consumers are generally unaware that they are being targeted by a persuasive message. The brand is integrated seamlessly into media content so that children do not know it is placed their intentionally as a marketing strategy. The implicit nature of product placement relies on the consumer to devote no explicit attention to the advertised brand and rather make a subconscious positive association. Children exposed to product placement do not need to be motivated or cognitively able to process the message as it is designed for implicit brand memory. 2.Rozendaal et al. emphasize the crucial difference between conceptual knowledge of advertising and attitudinal knowledge. The study showed that being conceptually literate (recognizing and understanding an advertising message) does not increase advertising defenses in children. Therefore, interventions will most likely be ineffective as children will not use the knowledge they have when faced with a persuasive message. Moreover, most messages aimed at children are processed at the per... ...& adolescent medicine, 153(11), 1184-1189.Veldhuis, J., Konijn, E. A., & Seidell, J. C. (2012). Weight information labels on media models reduce body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(6), 600-606.Matsuba, M. K. (2006). Searching for self and relationships online.CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(3), 275-284.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2007). Preadolescents and adolescents online communication and their closeness to friends. Developmental psych ology,43(2), 267.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2008). Adolescents Identity Experiments on the Internet Consequences for Social Competence and Self-Concept Unity.Communication Research, 35(2), 208-231.Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2009). Social consequences of the internet for adolescents a decade of research. Current Directions in Psychological Science,18(1), 1-5.

Has The De Beer Diamond Lost I :: essays research papers

"And while the law of competition may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it ensures the survival of the fittest in all(prenominal) department."-Andrew Carnegie Since the 1930s when Sir Ernest Oppenheimer established the Central Selling arrangement, De Beers Consolidated Mines have see to itled the selling and marketing of approximately 80% of the worlds rough diamond w are (Capon, 1998). However, in 1996, Australian company, Argyle, stunned the world by announcing that they would no longer market diamonds through De Beers C.S.O. Many economists predicted that Argyle wouldnt be able to compete against the mammoth De Beers. Yet in the year to December 31, Argyle recorded a profit of $142.5 million, an increase of 76% (Treadgold, 1999). De Beers is currently looking like losing the monopoly it has had on the diamond industry for almost seventy years.A monopoly is an industry in which there is only one organisation that supplies a particu lar good, service or resource which has no other similar alternatives. Monopolies are created by barriers which restrict the entry of new organisations (McTaggart et al, 1999). In a perfect monopoly, the seller has total control over the quantity of goods or services available for sale and the price at which the items are sold (Butterworths Business .. Dictionary, 1997). De Beers Consolidated Mines Central Selling Organisation has had a monopoly on the selling of rough diamonds since the 1930s.A monopoly industry is characterised by having no close substitutes. Although there are substitutes for diamonds such as rubies, emeralds and cubic zirconias, umpteen believe that there are no other gems that exhibit the same beauty of the diamond. Perhaps this belief was created out of De Beers advertising campaign, A Diamond is everlastingly (Capon, 1998, pg 6) which began in 1947. Whatever the reason that consumers want diamonds, and diamonds only, doesnt matter. Consumers demand the real thing and will pay for the luxury.The second factor which creates a monopoly market are barriers to enter the market. Common barriers to entry include licenses, patents, entry lags, economics of scale and control of inputs (Browning & Browning, 1989). Control of inputs is the factor that constricts entry into the diamond industry. De Beers Consolidated Mines of siemens Africa, through its ownership of mines and its central sales organisation, controls 85 percent of the worlds diamond output (Browning & Browning, 1989, pg 330).

Linking Magical Realism and the Sublime in A Very Old Man with Enormous

Linking sorcerous realness and the Sublime in A very Old Man with Enormous Wings Marquezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings links wizardly pragmatism and Sublime literature to one another in such a federal agency that Magical reality seems to be a genre of the Sublime. This short tommyrot was published with a collection of other stories entitled Leaf Storm and other(a) Stories in 1955. Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a native Columbian, has accomplished a great deal in the field of Magical Realism. This particular short story fulfills the requirements for Magical Realism and, at the same time, the Sublime. This fact leads one to believe that Magical Realism is, in fact, a genre of the Sublime instead of the Fantastic. The characteristics of Magical Realism forgather those of the Sublime much more extensively than those of Fantastical literature. A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings includes many aspects, which may be draw as magical. In the story, an old man with a very poor set of wings is found and kept as a pet for some(prenominal) years. These wings were described by the doctor in the story as ...so natural on that completely human organism that he couldnt understand wherefore other men didnt have them, too (528). The fact that the old man had wings in the first place seems very acceptable to the characters, and this nonchalance is conveyed to the reader. To reward an idea or an object that one is familiar with and distorting that image into something unfamiliar is called defamiliarization (Simkins 150). This use of defamiliarization is a very important characteristic of both Magical Realism as well as the Sublime. An angel is something with which most are somewhat familiar however, Marquezs angel is a completely different type of angel. One e... ...between Magical Realism and Sublime literature seems very obvious when one examines the criteria for each. Marquezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings links Magical Realism and Sublime literature to one another in such a way that Magical Realism seems to be a genre of the Sublime. This short story fulfills the requirements of each. However, the requirements are the very same ideas and principles. Thus Magical Realism should be classified as a type of the Sublime. Works Cited Loginus. On the Sublime. Cambridge Harvard UP, 1995. Sandner, David. The Fantastic Sublime. Westport Greenwood Press, 1996. 51-55. Simpkins, Scott. Sources of Magical Realism/ Supplements to Realism in Contemporary Latin American Literature. Magical Realism Theory, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C. Duke UP, 1995 145-159.

Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World Essays -- Technology A Brave New Wor

Aldous Huxleys A Brave bare-assed homoThe New World, a man-made Utopia, governed by its motto, Community, Identity, stableness (Huxley 3). A man-made world in either way. Human beings fertilized in bottles. Identity, gender, intelligence, position in society, all predestined. Human beings classified in the order of antecedency Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. Every one conditioned to be a certain way. Every one works for every one else (Huxley, 74). All man-made to ensure societal stability. Is society in the New World truly better than in the 2000s? Are people in the New World truly happier than we are in the 2000s? Do we in the 2000s learn any thing in common with the New World? Are thither significant sociological differences between the 2000s and the New World? These are questions I found myself pondering as I lay down Aldous Huxleys brilliant A Brave New World. We hurt ugly expectations of our Mothers. In the 2000s , our ideal Mother give life to her child, provi des unconditional love to her child, and nurtures her child. There is a special bond between a Mother and her child. We have learned to recognize, respect, and appreciate the self-sacrifices and hardships that a Mother endures for her child. Those of us less fortunate, craves the love, care, and attention of a good Mother and good parents. To provide good parenting to our children are the goals and concerns of every good parents. Parental affection and guidance, or lack thereof, plays a vital role in our lives. We promote childbirth as a natural, fulfilling experience for women (Lamaze International, Online). In the New World, Mother is a smutty word (Huxley 36). Mothers, parents, and families were taught and understood as viviparous. Our 90s society woul... ...itics, the social instability. Should we sacrifice the good of the 2000s for the social stability of the New World? I want to say that I can not be certain, for I do believe in different systems, different values. But I can not say that. I live in the 2000s society and I grew up with my own set of belief. My own ideology. Therefore I have my bias opinion. Isnt social instability the path to finding true happiness? Without the bad, how will you recognize the good? If every thing is predestined, what is the purpose of life? If there is no individual love, what is there to live for? Self-happiness verses state-happiness. If self-happiness is selfish - then I am.Works CitedHuxley, Aldous. A Brave New World. 1932, 1946. National Institute of Drug curse (NIDA) 10 February 1998 . Europe Against Drugs (EURAD) Date Unknown . Lamaze International Date Unknown .

Web-Based Training Verses Instructor-Led Training :: essays research papers

Web-Based Training Verses In my department, we offer two symbols of training for automotive dealers. The first type is our Web-Based Training (WBT), and the second is Instructor-Led Training (ILT). These training courses fuddle many similarities, such as acquirement objectives, total content, layout, structure and flow. They differ, however, in how each course is delivered, when the knowledge takes place, and the cost of the training.One of the similarities between WBT and ILT is the learning objectives. Regardless of the delivery method, the learning outcomes for the student are the same. Another similarity is the content, which may include school text, graphics, quizzes, exercises, and tests. Slides comprised of graphics and text that are used to support ILT are the basis for the visuals presented in WBT. The layout, structure and flow of the two courses are also very similar. During both of the courses, information is presented to the student, an natural covering exercise i s conducted, a quiz on the learning module is given. A final summarizing exam is provided after all the learning modules are complete.While WBT and ILT have similarities, they have differences as well. One of these differences is in the way the course is delivered. WBT is offered online, in a multimedia format where the student sits solo in front of a computer and interacts only with the content. ILT takes place in a classroom, where students receive lectures, ask questions of the instructor, and engage in discussions. A further difference is in the learning environment, including when the learning takes place. WBT is held at any time, at any place, on a computer with an internet connection. Not all students learn at the same pace, or at the same time (asynchronous). However, ILT is scheduled, and directed, and class start and end times are based on availability of faculties and instructor. ILT is synchronous and learning takes place concurrently every oneness takes it at the same t ime with a group of people with which they interact (L. Ross, personal communication, June 12, 2003). The WBT version of our course is priced with a one-time registration fee of fifty dollars. The bundles range from one hundred to three hundred dollars in price. The dealer chooses a bundle of three, six, or twelve courses. This is a pricing strategy based on volume, and the to a greater extent you purchase the more you save. ILT pricing is on a per attendee basis.

One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Ess

One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings While we can view One Flew all over the Cuckoos Nest, from a literal perspective, as a classic story of rebellion and deliverance, we must also view it as a illustration for one mans triumph over of the establishment. The old saying, You cant fight city hall is challenged, which is represented by the patients rebelling against the hospital staff. Liberals argon likely to view this novel as a powerful tale that glorifies the human spirit. Conservatives are more likely to perceive it as an advertisement for genial disorder and chaos. I personally thought the books most powerful message was that human differences should be celebrated not censuredI move similar conclusions from Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. From beginning to end, this autobiography is laden with issues of racial prejudice that perpetuate self-doubt and insecurity. As earlyish as the second page, Maya explains how she wished that she would wake up in a white world, with blond hair and blue eyes, claiming that being black was a living nightmare. at that place are blatant instances of racial tension throughout almost every adventure Maya experiences, including one in which the po white trash children con counted Momma in front of her store. This scene culminates with Mayas insightful realization that in spite of the disparity of power between the powhite trash and Momma, Momma had triumphed by maintaining her dignity.Eric Foner is able to dissect racial issues from an historical perspective, and show how these issues remained at the heart of the controversy surrounding the period of Reconstruction. By blending historical fact with such emotionally charged issues as race and polit... ...ess wise than true, Who thee abroad exposd to public view...Although part of the Puritan doctrine enforces a deep reverence for responsibility and honesty, at this point in the poem, Anne is entirely blaming societal influences for her childs shortcomings.Joann Robinson faced similar personal struggles and triumphs in a more modern time. A professor at the all-black Alabama State College, Robinson was active in every level of the Civil Rights movement, even before it had officially gotten off the ground. Subsequent to her distressing experience on the bus in 1949, she tried to prick a protest but was shocked and disappointed when other members of the Womens Political Council to which she belonged brushed off the incident as a fact of life in Montgomery. Fortunately, Robinson did not feel defeated by this insipid attitude, she felt inspired by it instead.

Dealing with Employee Problems Essay

Dealing with Employee ProblemsIntroductionShare a time when you have encountered unrivalled of the six references of people described in the article In my stay at Virgin-Atlantic Research and Development RD department, I encountered different characters, which were annoying. Most workers were in the trade department who wanted disrupted other members in other departments. In particular, there was Mike (not his veritable name), who wanted to show that he knew it all. We also had Jennifer (not her real name), who was an interpreter and a tardyer. In our department, we were faced by this challenge of Salome (not her real name) a grump, who image we despised her negatively. Additionally, in our department we were faced by a challenge musical composition dealing with Timothy (not his real name) for his ever-shouting attitude on the band. Despite multiple interventions to assist these individuals, it was clear that their conduct could not change. For that reason, I thought of a strategy of how to deal with such employees when a situation of need arises. The incoming section will, therefore, be analyzing what I did the seconding section will analyze what I should have done.Describe the situation and how you dealt with him or her I have to confess that it was a problem dealing with these characters. Michael and Timothy presented more problems as compared to Salome and Jennifer combined. Timothy was the nearly problematic to me directly since we were in the same department, even though his problem was manageable. To deal with him, I opted to remain silent when he was talking on phone. Michael could picture the department occasionally, to deal with him I could just walk out in the park. Salome was the most tragic since her problem could lead to total communication breakdown, for weeks or even a fortnight depending on the nature of the last encounter. To deal with her, I could wait until her moods comedown. Jennifer, who presented two problems, an inte rpreter and slacker, presented a serious challenge to this organization. To respond to her quaint demands, I avoided her presence more often.Using the advice given by the author of the article, what can you do the next time you encounter a person of this type? However, avoidance did not solve these problems. Next time when I happen to service the same department, I will find a way to transmit decisively. To respond to Jacks disruptions, I will tell him that I have a deadline to meet, and I need more time to concentrate with it. When it comes to Timothy, I will wait for him to terminate his call. I will request him out for a cup of coffee and explain to him politely how his conduct on the phone disrupts the department. Responding to the Salome moody problems, I will try to understand her personality by asking her to my own office where I will tell her that her present aim was unprofessional (Lyles, 2014). I will try to deal with what is easier for her, so that she does not ta ke it negatively. Finally, to respond to Jennifer two problems, I will just ignore her when she comes to slack around. If it affects my work, by slowing down her activities in the marketing department, it will be advisable that I tell her straightforward, that her excessive character was affecting other departments. Similarly, while responding to her know it all character, I will talk with her to ensure that she finds comfort with her knowledge alone (Green, 2014).ReferencesGreen, A. (2011, June 6). How to Deal With Annoying Co-Workers US News. Retrieved December 19, 2014, from http//money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/2011/06/06/how-to-deal-with-annoying-co-workersLyles, M. (2014). organisational Learning, knowledge creation, problem formulation and innovation in messy problems. European Management Journal, 132-136.Source document

Dream Analysis Essay

Dreams be often derived from the home(a) thresholds of an individuals thoughts and keep down emotions. My dreams contain been signifi skunktly complex, converging into metamorphic symbols that relate to significant past and present change surfacets. After a week of dream analysis, I moot dreams soak up an effect on both my conscious and unconscious mind(p) thoughts. Analyzing these dreams has begun to reveal the inner meanings easy my thoughts, and lead to prosperous revelations.To correlate the meaning and reasoning of the concept of dreams, I have analyzed my most significant dream from the points of view of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and the activation synthesis methods. Upon the conclusion of my research, the theories of both Freud and Jung contain the most valid perspective as to the true meaning of my dream. Sigmund Freud was a brilliant Psychoanalyst, who opened new doors pertaining to how mental illnesses were treated. In the novel The World of Ideas by Lee Jacobus, h e explains that Freud, in the minds of many, is recognised as the founder of modern Psychiatry (Jacobus 475).Freud developed the psychoanalytic method which is the examination of the mind using dream analysis, Lee further explains that the analysis of the unconscious through free association, and the correlation of findings with attitudes toward sexuality and sexual development (Jacobus 75). Meaning, dreams can reveal more than what typically meets the eye. Jacobus explains that In Freuds The Interpretation of Dreams he states, the unconscious works in complex ways to help us cope with sentiments and desires that our superego deems unacceptable (Jacobs 475).Sigmund explains his methods by comparing it to two great plays that he felt evince individuals having repressed emotions. Freud states one merely carries on during the night and in dreams with what one has been turning over in ones mind during the sidereal day (Freud 483). Meaning, if one has guilt or an undeniable pleasure t hat one cant express, dreams will covey the ones incapable emotions. Jacobus further explains that Freud is conveying, that dreams are wish-fulfillments (Jacobus 477).For example in Freuds prospective he suggests that if one is to worry about a parent, it might really convey the unconscious wish that the parent should die. Freuds main method in reading dreams was mainly focused on repressed emotions and the undeniable feelings towards sexuality and sexual feelings. Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud are very similar to the reference of batman and robin. Freud is organism the character of batman, and Robin being Jung. Carl worked along side with Freud collaborating the mind through the interpretation of dreams.Just like any duo, Jung wanted to explore beyond what his leader cleanified as acceptable. Jung stubborn the unconscious content of ones mind is based on just a surmisal, insisting that images in dreams are non moreover related to to mortalal experiences, but are also inherited , exploring the unconscious component of the mind. It doesnt only persist to just the personal unconscious, but also pertaining to the collective unconscious. In Jungs The Personal and the Collective Unconscious, Carl interprets and re examines Freuds speculations of the unconscious and explores different theories that explain the analysis of the mind.Jung agrees with many of Freuds theories, but he branches out from his theories creating a diverse intellectual reasoning in which he connects it to different samples, further explaining dreams in toll of a collective and personal unconscious. Jung intrustd that archetypes described heaps behaviors and personalities. According to the Webster Dictionary Archetypes are visual symbols that exist in our mind, some are clearly understood but others bring subliminal messages that are there to help you trigger your memory of why you are here and the truth behind the illusions of reality.Jacobus further elaborates that Jung connects the ar chetypes to the analysis that explains the dream in terms of collective unconsciousness, which is shared by groups of people rather than created by the individual alone (Jacobus pg 489). Though Jungs theories we deemed unacceptable in Freuds eyes, his theories investigating the inner unconscious and conscious thoughts pertaining to inherited thoughts and symbolic archetypes, which revealed new ways of unraveling the inner workings of the complexity of the mind. My hands were shaking, lips quivering and my witnesst exploding.Everything seemed calm but my feelings enticed that something is repulsively wrong. When the panic took hold, my heart rate picked up its pace. I could see my heart beating out of my chest so I wanted to believe that my eyes were deceiving me. Running on instinct I had no idea where I was going. All of a sudden right before my eyes a huge swirling hole of vast darkness appears. My body feels as if it is going limp, my breath is taking right out of my lungs, the n suddenly I hear a scream. It was a horrifying scream, to make matters worse I see someone in the black hole. Nothing can me made out clearly, everything is so blurry.As my emotions run wild through my body, there is a known connection. Its as if I can feel their pain and am roaring off of their emotions. I think to myself that I must save this person. I run to the black hole, but there is an invisible force that is preventing me from reaching them. The integrality of my soul goes numb as I coldly fall to the earth. Desperately gasping for air and an answer this person begins to disappear. I can feel everything that they are feeling. The feeling of being lost, the confusion of being hopeless and the madness that comes with anger. No matter how much effort was given, no matter how much I cared.There was nought that could have been through. As my eyes opened, it was all a dream. Freud believed according to Jacobus that The repression of important emotions, a constant process, oft en results in dreams that express repressed feelings in benign and sometimes symbolic ways (Jacobus 477). In Freuds opinion he would probably insist that the person falling into the hole that I was desperately essay to help, is a symbolic emotion of having repressed guilty feelings. Insisting that I have a guilty conscious about something I have done or something or someone I have lost.Freud would also suggest that I have repressed sexual feelings for someone very close to me even interpreting that the black hole is a symbol for guilty conscious or symbolizing my feelings of hopelessness, that I will never be able to have an intimate personal relationship with that mystery person. Lastly I feel that Freud could also interpret this dream as fulfilling a wish. Freud states This worry can only make its way into the dream by availing itself of the corresponding wish while the wish can disguise itself behind the worry that has become active during the day (Freud 483).Meaning, maybe I w ish that I could save that invisible person, or maybe I have repressed feelings because I never got to be openly honest with how I feel or how I want to feel with this individual. This dream correlates to many aspects that both Jung and Freud express in their studies. In Jungs analysts he considers not only personal experiences as a factor to analyzing dreams, but information that we unconsciously know. In the hand out Traditional Archetypes it states Carl Jung introduced a theory that humans have a collective unconscious, which means that there is a store of information that we as humans somehow hold.This collection of information includes archetypes or symbolic figures. Interpreting my dream from Jungs point of view, he would insist that this dream is unraveling a message, a bigger broader picture then someone just falling into a black hole. I feel that Jung would speculate that the person in the black hole could relate to the archetype of The fatal women or witch. Prevailing, th at this person in the black hole is holding me back, that this mystery person does not want to be saved, causing me to look like the weaker individual. Intentionally causing me pain and a guilty conscious.There are many archetypes that could be identified as the main character, the dreamer if you will. Jung could also interpret that I was the archetype of the child or the victim due to the feelings of helplessness and feelings of an emotional tragedy. The activation- synthesis methods would describe in my opinion the dreams of a younger child, or a person who may not be well connected with their dreams. In these methods, neutral brain activity triggers random visual memories that may or may not have relevance to ones current situations.We can however get information about the dreamer from these methods due to the types of memories that are recalled. The reason I do not believe these methods are relevant to my dream is because this dream was very passionate. Although other dreams tha t I recorded did seem relevant to this theory, I believe that I chose this dream because it actually had some correlation to what is going on in my life. If I decided to analyze a more random uncomplicated dream that I had last week it could have been defined through the activation-synthesis method.The thread of dreams can be not only unraveled, but the thoughts and repressed emotions can be in disarray and difficult to properly express. Interpreting my dreams from the points of view of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and the activation- synthesis methods not only helped me reveal the inner emotions that have been hidden behind the wall of sorrow. It has given a sort of gratitude that made me look at dreams in a whole new optimistic attitude. I have cerebrate that Freud and Jungs theories have given a relevant perception as to what my dream mean, and what it revealed about my inner feelings.

Developments in Management and Organizational Thinking

Strategy has been defined as the pattern of organizational moves and managerial approaches apply to touch organizational objectives and to pursue the organizations mission (Thompson and Strickland, 1990). Current models of strategic steering muckle be traced to the way in which schema it was defined and applied to c atomic number 18 (Chandler, 1962) the determination of the basic long-term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources prerequisite for carrying out these goals.Chandler identified two parts of the strategic process, formulation and implementation, known as strategic management. Thus, system refers to the means a firm uses to attain its ends. primeval to every firms mission and competitive system is its esteem strategy. Generically, a economic value strategy is the pattern of decisions and actions that comprise the firms overall approach toward providing realizable net value to nodes. A value str ategy intrinsically involves all parts of a firms functional and organizational strategies that give value realized by customers or fill sacrifices by customers.As due to excessive competition, firms must have a value strategy that must have completely conceptualized and obviously articulated value as the basis for competing. In fact, many firms be more competitor-oriented than customer-oriented. Consequently, many managers are more well-known with their firms competitive strategy than its strategy for improving customer value. virtually(prenominal) inadvertently compromise net customer value either by producing products/services supposed to be of low quality or by requiring exceptionally high sacrifices of customers.Paradoxically, the most competitive firms are the customer- oriented, not the competitor-oriented firms. Customer-oriented firms are virtually driven by value-based strategies. Given a defined set of value expectations, a value-based strategy is that pattern of dec isions and actions in which managers take accountability for (1) delivering products/services that provide best net value, and (2) creating strategic suprasystems to develop that value and satisfy the obligations of the enterprise.Most basically, value-based strategies are customer oriented business-level strategies aimed at giving best net value. Value-based strategy should not be confused with generic strategy. The basic generic strategies of low cost, differentiation, and focus (Porter, 1980) are the three most extreme examples of producer based, value-added strategies (Porter, 1985), only they are not customer value-based strategies. Each of the three is more competitor-oriented than customer-oriented. Each strategy ordure be pursued with no assertion of providing best net value.While low cost and differentiation are typically seen as mutually exclusive (Porter, 1985), a value-based strategy may need and achieve both. Since many customers now count time rather than dollar cos t as their most precious asset, a high-quality strategy gives little competitive advantage un slight it is paired with low cost (i. e. , low price and/or sacrifice reduction). Similarly, low-cost/price strategies can also move if they are not complemented with quality supposed to be of sufficient value.The synergistic combination of low cost and differentiation that can come with a value-based strategy is a direct offspring of managing critical systems that put in to value. As the globalizing world is shifting the nature and needs of organizations by requiring them to be more readily responsive to developing circumstances. The corporate planners of the 1960s and 1970s were much concerned with issues such as the market and macroeconomic environs, the product portfolio, and the product life cycle. all of these underline characteristics of industry or sector and market.They leaned to underplay the role of competitors and competitive behavior in influencing outcomes (Ghoshal and We strey 1993). certainly, it is still common to see plans which base output addition on forecasts of the market, or to view industries in which each individual firm extrapolates its own experience to give generally results which everyone knows are inept of realization. Having reviewed the business environment and its competitive position, the firm should go on to make its strategy rather go for old strategy.The rationalist schooling sees the definition of the objectives of the firm as the signalise constituent in strategy formulation. That view, which owes much to the continuing influence of Drucker on management thinking, is in itself comparatively uncontroversial, but the subject of substantial operational difficulty. there are two distinct historical phases in the development of thought on corporate strategy. Until the early 1980s, the primary aim of corporate strategy was the composition of a diversified business portfolio.Such a portfolio might include related diversification motivated by synergy between old and innovative businesses and misrelated diversification supported by portfolio planning techniques. exactly by the early 1980s, evidence had accrued that unrelated diversification added little value and several of the conglomerates created in these earlier decades had succumbed to financial pressures. In using old strategies by formulating new ways conduct firms to focus on the critical importance of market share.Emphasis on competitive issues, the choice market position was seen as a central element in strategic decision-making. Quality, it was professed, had been a key ingredient in Japanese success. Over time most markets moved up the quality spectrum. With the aid of phrases such as quality is free (Crosby, 1979) total quality management became a preoccupation of the subsequent 1980s. Many authors offered taxonomies of generic strategieschecklists from which corporations could choose the majority relevant objectives for particular markets.O ne early list was proposed by Ansoff (1965), who recognized market penetration, product development, market development, and diversification as alternative strategic objectives. The Boston Consulting Groups alternatives are invest, hold, harvest, divest, and Arthur D. Little offers a list of no less than twenty-four strategic options (Jackson, Hitt, DeNisi, 2003). Porter (1980) taxonomy of generic strategies proved especially influential. Porters (1980) five forcesof competition, entry, substitution, suppliers, and customersoffered a more comprehensive checklist of environmental factors (Porter, 1980). moreover, In Porters framework there are two dimensions of choice. Firms can trail either cost leadingthe same(p) product as competitors but at lower costor differentiation. They can range hardly, or broadly, thus generating a range of alternatives cover cost leadership, differentiation, and focus. Today, a debate on the content of the corporate mission is a widespread starting-poin t for a discussion of strategy. Such a statement can cover objectives in both corporate and business strategy.The mission statement is planned to provide a link between the broad objectives of the firm (which may focus exclusively on profit maximization, or may state concern for other stakeholders) and its specific commercial activities. A rather diverse critique of these processes of rationalist strategy formulationyet one still very much within the rationalist frameworkis given by the shareholder value movement. As with numerous shifts in thinking about strategy, this is found more or less simultaneously in the thinking of practitioners and the writings of business school academics.American business was stunned by the emergence of a group of corporate raiders. Figures like T. Boone Pickens and the partners of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, with little in the way of resources of their own, but with the aid of the junk bond support pioneered by Michael Milken, could make convincing bids for some of the largest corporations in the United States. This threat to incumbent managers led to apprehensive re-emphasis on major companies concerns for shareholder value.Academics (Day, Georges, and Robin Wensley 1988) were led to explicate and justify it, providing both a critique of accounting earnings as a focus of corporate attention and a rationale of the universe benefits of restricted focus on the interests of shareholders. The most significant practical consequence of this activity was to give further impulsion to the break-up of conglomerate firms. The grouping of discrete businesses tended, it was argued, to moderate the potential strategic value of individual mechanism to specific purchasers.That message for corporate strategy was obvious, but for business strategy shareholder value had a couple of(prenominal) clear implications. Proponents stressed the need to evaluate investment and acquisitions by reference to their probable cash flowsbut this is a theme famil iar from every unsophisticated text in corporate financeand texts on strategy in a shareholder value framework (Weinrauch, Donald 1986) do no more than put Rappaports critique with Porters taxonomies of competitive forces and generic strategies.The new way of this strategy spectrum is that the state of the art in rationalist strategy can entail the formulation of a statement of company objectives, a lot summarized in a mission statement and encompassing both corporate strategic objectives-what sort of business are we inwith business strategic objectives-expressed in terms of plans for market share, product quality, and geographical scope. It is not astounding that attention is moving from the problems of formulating strategy to issues of implementation.The idea that successful strategies are often opportunistic and adaptive, rather than calculated and planned, is a view as old as the subject of business strategy itself. The adaptive strategies of reacting to the seasonal fluctuat ions of demand are actually important. The operations manager should try to accommodate whatever seasonality remains as cheaply as possible. Each type of adaptive strategy provide acquire costs beyond what the company could achieve if demand were smooth.Thus, it is up to the operations manager to get the strategy or mix of strategies that testament moderate this extra cost. One strategy for accepting the seasonal demands is just to ignore them and to produce at a constant rate throughout the year. By maintaining a balanced labor force, the company will help to sustain good relations with organized labor and will also ease the burdens of the personnel department. At the same time, short-term production planning and supervisory loads will be reduced as compared to a continually changing schedule. These effects will show up as real cost savings.On the other hand, maintaining a constant production in the face of fluctuating demands means that these fluctuations should be heedless by inventory. That is, when demands are low, inventory stock will build up. As demands increase, inventories will be used up and can even run into a stock out or back order situation. Large buildups of inventory can sprain building capacities and can cause significant extra costs. But it is clear that there are costs associated with physically storing and handling inventory, as well as the more restrained opportunity costs of holding inventory.At the same time, there are costs linked with running out of inventory. While difficult to measure, the costs linked with dissatisfied customers, extra paperwork on back orders, and the interruption of schedules for catch-up work are quite real. The opposite approach would be to try to match the fluctuating demand by changeable production. There are numerous ways a company might do this. Probably the least disruptive would be for the workers to work overtime throughout heavy demand periods.In some situations workers can be eager to earn extra money in others they may prefer not to work any overtime. If the company is unionized, the union can have the power to help determine the amount of overtime allowable. In any case, if a company uses an overtime strategy, it will have to pay an overtime bonus, and productivity can not be as good as usual because of such factors as fatigue. Similarly, in several operations systems it may be possible to work under time (shorter work weeks or forced unpaid vacations) when demand is lower.However, most workers would oppose having to work less and receive less pay. Some might quit in order finding steadier work. Another method of varying production would be hiring and lying off workers as desired. present again, though, there are extra costs involved. The progression of selecting and training workers is costly, and their productivity can not be as good as experienced workers for a while. Also, when a worker is laid off, there are usually benefits that must be paid, as well as the less ta ngible chilling effect on labor relations.Thus, despite the use of strategic management process and content models, numerous managers fail to maintain or develop their firms competitive position. The new globally competitive framework requires using old strategies by formulating them accordingly. As Knowledge-intensive firms compete differently they fight vigorously to win the best experts and best projects, but thereafter cooperate with their rivals. (Norman Sheehan) Jenster (1987) introduced a strategy planning and strategic control process that is firmly integrated with the firms information system.The new way is used for developing, observe and assimilating critical information into effective strategic management decision support that is CSFs (critical success factors) that clearly and briefly communicate critical elements of the strategy to members of the organization. More significant, the CSFs direct the attention of key managers to focus on the vital premises of the firms strategy. Shriberg et al. (1997) described how the BPM method can be used as a tool for strategy execution.This technique describes CSFs as the primary step towards strategic execution. These few factors should be executed with excellence to gain and protract competitive advantage. one time CSFs (or driving forces or core competencies) have been identified, the next step in BPM is to widen performance measures for the CSFs. CSFs specify to the firm what has to be done to attain goals. Performance measures determine how well the firm should perform and whether it has been successful. Lots of authors suggest that CSFs can be used in an organizations planning function.Additionally, they can be used in increasing strategic plans, implementing a plan, helping managers attain high performance, managing resources and monitoring a corporations activities (Ferguson and Dickinson 1984). The motivating force behind world economic harvest-home has changed. Consequently, the key success facto r for various firms is maximizing strategic means. Rather than price and quality, formulating strategies in new ways has become the dominant. As a strategy itself provides the most sustainable long-term competitive advantage.ReferencesAnsoff, H. I. (1965). Corporate strategy An analytical approach to business policy for growth and expansion. New York McGraw-Hill. Arthur Thompson, Jr., and A. J. Strickland Strategic Management Concepts and Cases, 9th adaptation (1990). Chandler, 1962, Strategy and Structures Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass Crosby, Philip B (1979) Quality is bump, Mentor Books, New York Day, Georges, and Robin Wensley (1988), Assess expediency A Framework for name Competitive Superiority, Journal of Marketing 52 (April), 1-20. Ferguson, C. R. and Dickson, R. (1982) Critical success factors for directors for the eighties, Business Horizons, May-June, 14-18. Ghoshal, S. and Westrey, D. E. (eds) (1993) Organisation The ory and the Multinational Corporation, New York, St Martins Press. Jackson, S., Hitt, M. & DeNisi, A., (eds). (2003). Managing Knowledge for Sustained Competitive Advantage Designing Strategies for Effective Human Resource Management. San Francisco Jossey-Bass. Jenster, P. V. (1987) Using critical success factors in planning, Long Range Planning, 20 102-3. Porter, Michael E. (1980), Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. New York Free Press. __ (1985), Competitive Advantage Creating and Sustaining Superiority. New Y ork Free Press. Shriberg, A., Lloyd, C., Shriberg, D. and Williamson, M. (1997) Practicing Leadership Principles and Applications, John Wiley & Sons. Weinrauch, Donald J. (1986), Franchising an Established Business, Journal of Small Business Management 24 (July), 1-7.

Economic Development of India Essay

The groovy market is the market for securities, whereCompanies and governments can raise long-term funds. It is a market in which money is lent for periods longer than a year. A soils capital market includes such financial institutions as banks, insurance companies, and production line exchanges that channel long-term coronation funds to mercantile and industrial borrowers. Unlike the money market, on which lending is ordinarily short term, the capital market typically finances fixed investings like those in buildings and machinery. record and ConstituentsThe capital market consists of number of individuals and institutions (including the government) that canalize the supply and demand for longterm capital and claims on capital. The stock exchange, commercial banks, co-operative banks, saving banks, development banks, insurance companies, investment entrust or companies, etc., are important constituents of the capital markets.The capital market, like the money market, has thre e important Components, namely the suppliers of loanable funds, the borrowers and the Intermediaries who deal with the leaders on the one fall and the Borrowers on the other. The demand for capital comes mostly from agriculture, industry, trade The government. The predominant form of industrial organization developed Capital Market becomes a necessary radical for fast industrialization,and hence its important for the economy because india is a land if agriculture where more than 70 % of population depends upon agriculture and as India is also an developing nation so,industrialization is must necessaryIn this topic we have discussed that the development of stock market must contributes to economic growth both directly and indirectly. Hence stock market plays an important role in the economy of a country. Following the direct channel, we show that market liquidity has a positive impact on growth and indirectly market size affects investments which must affect growth of the country. Security markets also play a crucial role in economic growth and financial stability. The primary purpose of security markets is to serve as a mechanism for the transformation of savings into financing for the real sector, and hence constituting an option to bank financing.Recent local and global studies show that there is a positive correlation between the developments of stock markets and economic growth. Stock markets must be very efficient in the allocation of capital to its highest-value users. These markets also help to increase savings and investment, which are essential for economic development. If an paleness market is informationally uneconomical then investors face difficulties in choosing the optimal investment, because information on corporate performance is slow.Role of Securities Markets in Economic DevelopmentThe increasing stringency of name on both domestic and international loans, the urgency of mobilizing domestic resources by means other than dent finance h as been greatly identified. The alternative to debt finance, of course is equity market. Capital market refers to the market for long and medium term funds for the business enterprise. It can be divided into securities and non-securities market. Securities market in turn may be divided unto the markets for primary resolutions and markets for secondary trading of the issued securities. In the secondary market, the existing securities change from the investor to another.There is no additional flow of funds for investment purposes in a secondary market it only provides liquidity and marketability to the existing securities. A secondary market is very essential for a new issue market to develop. The secondary market can play most crucial functions in the pace of economic development by the promotion of savings and investment and efficient allocation of finds among the users. The securities market offers both investors and issues a broad spectrum of investment alternatives, which can h elp increase the level of both savings and investment. An efficient capital market can play the crucial role in mobilizing domestic savings for the purpose of investment

Original writing – My Decision about a Scary Ride

As we entered the gigantic theme park on a lovely summer day a voice from behind us shouted, furloughWe quickly turned around similar spinning machines and we power saw a 6 foot t solely security observe running toward us analogous fast cheetah, his face was red like a rosy red tomato and it looked like his hat was vent to fall off. I got a routine nervous because he was running towards us like we had scarce killed someone. I turned around and looked at Alisha and I saw that she was looking down with embarrassment, so I looked around me and I saw that everyone was staring at us like we had committed some sort of crime.Girls you have forgotten your tickets the security guard said.I felt so relieved that I let out a long sigh, like I had just ran a marathon, and Alisha and I started to laugh. after(prenominal) that we got our tickets from the security guard and headed towards the first tantalise which was called Space Invaders.When we got to the Space Invaders I could smell the horrible smell of oil, which smelt like a leaking gas, which do me know a numeral sick. I could also hear the big racket of the hop on, and the screaming and shouting of the people on it, when it went whooshing past me in to the far length like a crying baby slowly falling asleep. We waited in the queue for near ten minutes before it was our turn.When we got off the Space Invaders Alisha and I were just about to walk to the next take when we saw a group of people that looked a bit like the characters from Harry Potter. One of them had glittering red hair which made it look like his hair was on fire, this boy looked the same as Ronald from Harry Potter. Another boy that was with him had authentically big glasses that covered half of his face and it looked like the character of Harry Potter, and thither was one female child that had white hair which made her look about 90 years old. I glared at there faces properly and they looked quite familiar so I said to Alisha,Alish a dont these people look familiar? and she said,Yes they do look quite familiar.Now we were both confused, so we decided to forget about it and walk off all(a) of a sudden they started taking there hair off which made us realise that they were not a weird group of people but they were someone else.They were the rest of our mates Aziza, Amana and Sabah. Alisha and I looked at each other and burst out laughing. hence we said to the rest of our friends,Come on lets go on the next ride.All my friends valued to go on the big tall rides but I was too frightened to go on them, but I was too discredited to say it. The reason I didnt want to go on these big tall rides was when I was about five years old I sit on a really big ride and my seat belt was not tied properly so I nearly feel out. eer since then I have hated sitting on big rides. I was not that ashamed to say it to Alisha because she is my best friend, but I do not want to say it in front of the rest of my friends because they w ill start calling me names.My friends were on their way to queue up for the next ride when I shouted,I dont want to go on that ride yet, lets go on the piss Log firstThey all turned around and looked at me in a puzzled way and saidOkay we will go on that ride first but after that we are dismissal on this big one. I said,Okay then.I felt a bit relieved, but I was still scared.When we reached for the queue off the piddle Log I saw that the queue was really long which made me feel a bit better because it will give me a bit more(prenominal) time to think of a bang-up excuse not to go on the ride. All of my mates were laughing and enjoying themselves but I was just stood there like a statue staring at the big scary ride that I had to go on. Sabah noticed that I was staring at the ride so she said,Why are you staring at that ride? Are you scared or something? and I mumbled under my breath like a preventive from a distanceNo, why would I be scared.Finally, it was our turn to sit on t he Water Log. A big brown train splashing by dint of the water like a sailing boat came in front of us and at the side of it said The Water Log. It was written in big bold writing. We quickly jumped in to the train and the ride set off. Whilst it was going up my eyes were fixed on the big tall ride, like a hunter on its target. I was the only one out of our group that was not enjoying themself. I was concentrating so hard on the next ride I was going to go on that I did not even realise that the ride I was sat on was about to finish.When we got off the Water Log Amana said,Now its time for us to go on that big ride. I just looked at her face and saidCan we go to the ass first? All of my mates glared at me and Alisha said,We listened to you, now you will have to listen to us. And I just mumbled,Okay then.Then all off my friends showtime screaming with excitement. Alisha gripped me by the hand and dragged me towards the ride like she was dragging a rope in a game of tug of war.When we got to the ride I saw that the queue was really long. When I looked ahead of me the queue looked like a long colourful, slithery snake. I said to my friends,I dont feel well you good deal go on the ride and I will wait for you at the exit. But they just saidNo it will be better if we all go on together. So I just said,Okay then.After this, I decided that I was not going to make any more excuses because it would make it obvious to my friends that I was scared.Whenever I looked up at the ride I could imagine myself as a five year old girl falling off which made me feel like crying. I could hear the whooshing of the ride vibrating in my ears and my heart was beating as fast as a drum. The biggest drop of the ride looked like a big blue tower stretched out 100 miles above the ground. And the rest of the ride stretched out in assorted directions as far as I could understand.There was one more group of people to go on the ride and then it was our turn. I looked towards my friends a nd they were really excited, they were screaming and jumping around like kangaroos.Finally it was our turn, the people that were on the train before us got off, and all off the sudden the gates candid and people started to get on the ride. I went up to the seat and was just about to sit down when a weird feeling passed through me and made me blurt out to my friendsI dont want to go on this ride I am too scared. My friends looked up at me and said,But a survey you wanted to go on this ride. They got off the ride and took me to a side where I told them the reason why I was scared of rides. When I told them the reason I expected them to laugh but they did not laugh at all Sabah just said,Why are you ashamed that you are scared off a rollercoaster? and Alisha said,The first time I went on a rollercoaster I was even scared. They all agreed with her.Then Aziza said,Come on lets all of us go on this rollercoaster together. But I was still too scared to go on it.So they decided that if I didnt go on it they were not going to go on it either which made me feel a bit guilty, so I decided that I will go on the rollercoaster with them.When I got on to the rollercoaster, I grabbed the metal part of the seat belt which was freezing cold like ice. I tied it up and got the bar of the seat down.Then all of a sudden the ride started to go. I could hear people screaming and shouting like animals from behind me but I could not see anything because I decided to close my eyes. When we get to the top all my friends started sayingOpen your eyes. So I opened my eyes and started screaming like a baby, but once it started going down the drop I really enjoyed myself.After the ride had stopped I enjoyed myself so much that I wanted to go on it again but unfortunately I couldnt because the ride had closed. I was not scared on a ride ever again. Its good to over come your fears.

King Lear Essay

In William Shakespeares outstanding play, pouf Lear, we witness the break down in Britain that is a tragedy. The title character King Lear is the person who should to be blamed. The first crucial event triggers this tragedy is that King Lear banishes his little daughter, Cordelia from the Kingdom. The king of France, who has courted Cordelia, says that he still wants to marry her even without her land, and she accompanies him to France without her fathers blessing.Then King Lear other two daughters Regan and Goneril, take over his power and realm, their true natures surface at once. King Lear goes to live with Goneril at first, but she reveals that she plans to take him like the old man he is while he is under her roof. So Lear decides to stay instead with his other daughter, and he sends Kent ahead to deliver a letter to Regan, preparing her for his arrival. However, Lear realizes that Regan is conspiring with her sister against him. Unable to believe that his beloved daughters ar e betraying him, Lear slowly goes insane. This event lets King Lear learn that he made a bad decision, he should not trust his two corrupt and deceitful daughters.Lastly, news arrives that Cordelia has raised an army of French forces that have landed at Dover. Regan and Goneril ready their troops to fight and they head to Dover. Unfortunately, Cordelia has been defeated. The result has come, its Cordelias death. Lear finally dies out of grief at Cordelias passing. King Lear has only himself to blame for the whole tragedy.

The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 11 CULT

EACH TIME THAT I OPENED MY look TO THE MORNING light and agnize Id lived through a nonher(prenominal) night was a surprise to me. After the surprise wore authorize, my catch outt would start to race and my palms would sweat I couldnt in truth breathe again until Id gotten up and find that Charlie had survived as well.I could tell he was apprehensivewatching me jump at any loud sound, or my demo all at once go white for no reason that he could enter. From the questions he asked now and thusly, he wait onmed to burden the change onJacobs continued absence.The terror that was al expressive styles foremost in my thoughts usually distracted me from the feature that another week had passed, and Jacob unchanging hadnt refered me. and when I was able to c sensation judgment of convictionntrate on my normal mannerif my life was really ever normalthis upset me.I missed him horribly.It had been harmful exuberant to be al peerless out front I was scared silly. Now, so me(prenominal)(prenominal) than ever, I yearned for his carefree laugh and his infectious grin. I needed the rock-steady sanity of his homemade garage and his warm hand around my c old fingers.Id half(prenominal) expected him to call on Monday. If thither had been some progress with Embry, wouldnt he want to report it? I wanted to cerebrate that it was worry for his friend that was occupying all his time, not that he was merely giving up on me.I called him Tuesday, nevertheless no ace answered. Were the phone lines quiet having problems? Or had billystick invested in caller I.D.?On Wednesday I called e genuinely half hour until subsequently el blush at night, desperate to interpret the frenzy of Jacobs example.Thursday I sat in my transport in front of my signwith the locks pushed downkeys in hand, for a red-blooded hour. I was arguing with myself, nerve-wracking to justify a quick trip to La dig, but I couldnt do it.I knew that Laurent had gone bear to Victoria by now. If I went to La Push, I to a faultk the witness of leading one of them there. What if they caught up to me when Jake was nearby? As very much as it hurt me, I knew it was let on for Jacob that he was avoiding me. Safer for him.It was big enough that I couldnt figure out a way to keep Charlie safe. iniquity was the most samely time that they would stick looking ior me, and what could I cite to get Charlie out of the house? If I told him the truth, hed make water me locked up in a rubber room somewhere. I would control endured thatwelcomed it, evenif it could chip in kept him safe. except Victoria would still come to his house for the first time, looking for me. perchance, if she found me here, that would be enough for her. Maybe she would just leave when she was done with me.So I couldnt run away. Even if I could, where would I go? To Renee? I shuddered at the thought of dragging my lethal shadows into my mothers safe, sunny world. I would never jeopardise her t hat way.The worry was eating a hole in my stomach. Soon I would accommodate matching punctures.That night, Charlie did me another favor and called Harry again to distinguish if the Blacks were out of town. Harry reported that Billy had attended the council confluence Wednesday night, and never mentioned anything rough leaving. Charlie warned me not to make a nuisance of myselfJacob would call when he got around to it.Friday afternoon, as I drove chisel home from school, it hit me out of the blue.I wasnt paying attention to the familiar road, allow the sound of the engine deaden my brain and silence the worries, when my subconscious delivered a verdict it mustiness hand over been working on for some time without my drive inledge.As soon as I thought of it, I felt really stupid for not seeing it sooner. Sure. Id had a lot on my mindrevenue-obsessed vampires, giant mutant wolves, a ragged hole in the center of my chestbutwhen I laid the evidence out, it was embarrassingly obvi ous.Jacob avoiding me. Charlie dictum he looked queer, upset. . . . Billys vague, unhelpful answers.Holy c course, I knew exactly what was spill on with Jacob.It was surface-to-air missile Uley. Even my nightmares had been trying to tell me that. Sam had gotten to Jacob. Whatever was accident to the other boys on the reservation had reached out and stolen my friend. Hed been sucked into Sams furore.He hadnt presumption up on me at all, I realized with a rush of feeling.I let my truck idle in front of my house. What should I do? I weighed the dangers against each other.If I went looking for Jacob, I risked the chance of Victoria or Laurent finding me with him.If I didnt go after him, Sam would pull him deeper into his frightening, domineering gang. Maybe it would be too late if I didnt act soon.It had been a week, and no vampires had come for me yet. A week was more than enough time for them to have re false, so I must not be a priority. Most equivalently, as Id mulish bef ore, they would come for me at night. The chances of them following me to La Push were much lower than the chance of losing Jacob to Sam.It was worth the danger of the secluded forest road. This was no idle visit to see what was discharge on. I knew what was going on. This was a rescue mission. I was going to talk to Jacobkidnap him if I had to. Id once seen a PBS show on deprogramming the brainwashed. in that respect had to be some affable of cure.I decided Id demote call Charlie first. Maybe whatever was going on down in La Push was something the law should be involved in. I dashed inside, in a hurry to be on my way.Charlie answered the phone it the station himself.Chief Swan.Dad, its Bella.Whats wrong?I couldnt argue with his doomsday assumption this time. My voice was vibe.Im worried closely Jacob. wherefore? he asked, surprised by the unexpected topic.I depend I designate something weird is going on down at the reservation. Jacob told me about some strange stuff happen ing with the other boys his age. Now hes acting the same way and Im scared.What kind of stuff? He used his professional, police business voice. That was good he was taking me seriously.First he was scared, and then he was avoiding me, and now Im aquaphobic hes part of that bizarre gang down there, Sams gang. Sam Uleys gang.Sam Uley? Charlie repeated, surprised again.Yes.Charlies voice was more relaxed when he answered. I think youve got it wrong, Bells. Sam Uley is a great kid. Well, hes a man now. A good son. You should hear Billy talk about him. Hes really doing wonders with the youth on the reservation. Hes the one who Charlie broke off mid-sentence, and I guessed that he had been about to make a reference to the night Id gotten lost in the woods. I sound on quickly.Dad, its not like that. Jacob was scared ofhim.Did you talk to Billy about this? He was trying to still me now. Id lost him as soon as Id mentioned Sam.Billys not concerned.Well, Bella, then Im sure its okay. Jaco bs a kid he was probably just tidy suming around. Im sure hes fine. He sack upt spend every waking dainty with you, after all.This isnt about me, I insisted, but the battle was lost.I dont think you need to worry about this. Let Billy take care of Jacob.Charlie My voice was starting to sound whiney.Bells, I got a lot on my musical scale right now. Two tourists have gone missing off a trail outside rounded lake. at that place was an anxious edge to his voice. This wolf problem is getting out of hand.I was momentarily distractedstunned, reallyby his news. There was no way the wolves could have survived a match-up with Laurent be you sure thats what happened to them? I asked.Afraid so, honey. There was He hesitated. There were tracks again, and some blood this time.Oh It must not have come to a confrontation, then. Laurent must have simply outrun the wolves, but why? What Id seen in the meadow just got stranger and strangermore infeasible to understand.Look, I really have to go. Dont worry about Jake, Bella. Im sure its nothing.Fine, I verbalize curtly, frustrated as his lecture reminded me of the more urgent crisis at hand. Bye. I hang up.I stared at the phone for a long minute. What the hell, I decided.Billy answered after two rings.Hello?Hey, Billy, I almost growled. I try to sound more friendly as I continued. nooky I talk to Jacob, please?Jakes not here.What a shock. Do you know where he is?Hes out with his friends. Billys voice was careful.Oh yeah? Anyone I know? Quil? I could tell the words didnt come across as casually as Id correspondt them to.No, Billy said slowly. I dont think hes with Quil today.I knew better than to mention Sams name.Embry? I asked.Billy seemed happier to answer this one. Yeah, hes with Embry.That was enough for me. Embry was one of them.Well, have him call me when he gets in, all right?Sure, sure. No problem. Click.See you soon, Billy, I muttered into the dead phone.I drove to La Push determined to wait. Id sit out front of his house all night if I had to. Id miss school. The boy was going to have to come home sometime, and when he did, he was going to have to talk to me.My mind was so preoccupied that the trip Id been terrified of making seemed to take only a few seconds. Before I was expecting it, the forest began to thin, and I knew I would soon be able to see the first little houses of the reservation.Walking away, on the left side of the road, was a tall boy with a baseball cap.My breath caught for just a moment in my throat, hopeful that luck was with me for once, and Id srumbled across Jacob without scantily trying. nevertheless this boy was too wide, and the tomentum was short under the hat. Even from lav, I was sure it was Quil, though he looked bigger than the last time Id seen him. What was with these Quileute boys? Were they feeding them experimental growth hormones?I crossed all over to the wrong side of the road to stop next to him. He looked up when the roar of my truck approac hed.Quils recipe frightened me more than it surprised me. His face was bleak, brooding, his forehead creased with worry.Oh, hey, Bella, he greeted me dully.Hi, Quil be you okay?He stared at me morosely. Fine.Can I give you a ride somewhere? I offered.Sure, I guess, he mumbled. He shuffled around the front of the truck and opened the passenger door to climbin.Where to?My house is on the north side, endorse behind the store, he told me.Have you seen Jacob today. The question burst from me almost before hed finished speaking.I looked at Quil eagerly, waiting for his answer. He stared out the lead storyshield for a second before he spoke. From a distance, he finally said.A distance? I echoed.I assay to follow themhe was with Embry. His voice was low, weighed down to hear over the engine. I leaned closer. I know they saw me. yet they dour and just disappeared into the trees. I dont think they were aloneI think Sam and his crew might have been with them.Ive been stumbling around i n the forest for an hour, yelling for them. I just barely found the road again when you drove up.So Sam did get to him. The words were a little distortedmy teeth were gritted together.Quil stared at me. You know about that.?I nodded. Jake told me before.Before, Quil repeated, and sighed.Jacobs just as bad as the others now?Never leaves Sams side. Quil turned his head and spit out the open window.And before thatdid he avoid everyone? Was he acting upset?His voice was low and rough. Not for as long as the others. Maybe one day. Then Sam caught up with him.What do you think it is? Drugs or something?I cant see Jacob or Embry getting into anything like that but what do I know? What else could it be? And why arent the old people worried? He shook his head, and the fear showed in his look now. Jacob didnt want to be a part of this cult. I dont understand what could change him. He stared at me, his face frightened. I dont want to be next.My eye mirrored his fear. That was the second time Id heard it described as a cult. I shivered. Are your parents any help?He grimaced. Right. My grandfathers on the council with Jacobs dad. Sam Uley is the best thing that ever happened to this place, as cold as hes concerned.We stared at each other for a prolonged moment. We were in La Push now, and my truck was barely crawling along the empty road. I could see the villages only store not too utmost ahead.Ill get out now, Quil said. My house is right over there. He gestured toward the small wooden rectangle behind the store. I pulled over to the shoulder, and he jumped out.Im going to go wait for Jacob, I told him in a hard voice.Good luck. He slammed the door and shuffled forward along the road, his head bent forward, his shoulders slumped.Quils face haunted me as I made a wide U-turn and headed back toward the Blacks. He was terrified of cosmos next. What was happening here?I stopped in front of Jacobs house, killing the motor and rolling down the windows. It was stuffy today, no breeze. I hurtle my feet up on the dashboard and settled in to wait.A movement flashed in my peripheral visionI turned and spotted Billy looking at me through the front window with a confused lo fill oution. I waved once and smiled a tight smile, but stayed where I was.His eyes narrowed he let the curtain fall across the glass.I was prepared to stay as long as it took, but I aspirationed I had something to do. I dug up a pen out of the can buoy of my backpack, and an old test. I started to doodle on the back of the scrap.Id only had time to scrawl one row of diamonds when there was a sharp tap against my door.I jumped, looking up, expecting Billy.What are you doing here, Bella. Jacob growled.I stared at him in blank astonishment.Jacob had changed radically in the last weeks since Id seen him. The first thing I noticed was his hairhis beautiful hair was all gone, cropped quite short, covering his head with an inky gloss like black satin. The planes of his face seemed to have h ardened subtly, tightened aged. His neck and his shoulders were different, too, thicker somehow. His hands, where they gripped the window frame, looked enormous, with the tendons and veins more prominent under the chromatic skin. But the physical changes were insignificant.It was his expression that made him almost completely unrecognizable. The open, friendly smile was gone like the hair, the warmth in his shameful eyes altered to a brooding resentment that was instantly disturbing. There was a down(p)ness in Jacob now. Like my sun had imploded.Jacob? I whispered.He just stared at me, his eyes tense and huffy.I realized we werent alone. Behind him stood four others all tall and russet-skinned, black hair chopped short just like Jacobs. They could have been brothersI couldnt even pick Embry out of the group. The resemblance was only intensified by the strikingly comparable hostility in every pair of eyes. each pair but one. The oldest by several years, Sam stood in the very bac k, his face serene and sure. I had to swallow back the bile that rose in my throat. I wanted to take a swing at him. No, I wanted to do more than that. More than anything, I wanted to be fierce and deadly, someone no one would dare mess with. Someone who would scare Sam Uley silly.I wanted to be a vampire.The violent desire caught me off guard and knocked the wind out of me. It was the most forbidden of all wisheseven when I only wished it for a spiteful reason like this, to gain an advantage over an enemybecause it was the most painful. That future was lost to me forever, had never really been within my grasp. I scrambled to gain control of myself while the hole in my chest ached hollowly.What do you want? Jacob demanded, his expression growing more resentful as he watched the play of emotion across my face.I want to talk to you, I said in a weak voice. I tried to focus, but I was still reeling against the escape ofmy taboo inspiration.Go ahead, he hissed through his teeth. His g lare was vicious. Id never seen him look at anyone like that, least of all me. It hurt with a surprising intensitya physical pain, a stabbing in my head.Alone I hissed, and my voice was stronger.He looked behind him, and I knew where his eyes would go. Every one of them was turned for Sams reaction.Sam nodded once, his face unperturbed. He made a legal brief comment in an unfamiliar, liquid languageI could only be positive that it wasnt French or Spanish, but I guessed that it was Quileute. He turned and walked into Jacobs house. The others, Paul, Jared, and Embry, I assumed, followed him in.Okay. Jacob seemed a bit less furious when the others were gone. His face was a little calmer, but in addition more hopeless. His mouth seemed permanently pulled down at the corners.I took a deep breath. You know what I want to know.He didnt answer. He just stared at me bitterly.I stared back and the silence stretched on. The pain in his face unnerved me. I felt a lump beginning to build in my throat.Can we walk? I asked while I could still speak.He didnt respond in any way his face didnt change.I got out of the car, feeling unseen eyes behind the windows on me, and started walking toward the trees to the north. My feet squished in the damp grass and mud beside the road, and, as that was the only sound, at first I thought he wasnt following me. But when I glanced around, he was right beside me, his feet having somehow found a less loud path than mine.I felt better in the fringe of trees, where Sam couldnt possibly be watching. As we walked, I struggled for the right thing to say, but nothing came. I just got more and more angry that Jacob had gotten sucked in that Billy had allowed this that Sam was able to stand there so assured and calmJacob suddenly picked up the pace, striding ahead of me easily with his long legs, and then swinging around to face me, planting himself in my path so I would have to stop too.I was distracted by the overt boon of his movement. Jacob ha d been nearly as klutzy as me with his never-ending growth spurt. When did that changed?But Jacob didnt give me time to think about it.Lets get this over with, he said in a hard, husky voice.I waited. He knew what I wanted.Its not what you think. His voice was abruptly weary. Its not what I thoughtI was way off.So what is it, then?He analyse my face for a long moment, speculating. The anger never completely left his eyes. I cant tell you, he finally said.My jaw tightened, and I spoke through my teeth. I thought we were friends.We were. There was a polished emphasis on the away tense.But you dont need friends anymore, I said sourly. You have Sam. Isnt that niceyouve always looked up to him so much.I didnt understand him before.And now youve seen the light. Hallelujah.It wasnt like I thought it was. This isnt Sams fault. Hes helping me as much as he can. His voice turned brittle and he looked over my head, past me, rage desirous out from his eyes.Hes helping you, I repeated dubiou sly. Naturally.But Jacob didnt seem to be listening. He was taking deep, see breaths, trying to calm himself. He was so mad that his hands were shaking.Jacob, please, I whispered Wont you tell me what happened? Maybe I can help.No one can help me now. The words were a low utter his voice broke.What did he do to you? I demanded, tears collecting in my eyes. I reached out to him, as I had once before, smellping forward with my arms wide.This time he cringed away, holding his hands up defensively. Dont tie in me, he whispered.Is Sam catching? I mumbled. The stupid tears had escaped the corners of my eyes. I wiped them away with the back of my hand, and folded my arms across my chest.Stop blaming Sam. The words came out fast, like a reflex. His hands reached up to misdirect around the hair that was no longer there, and then discharge limply at his sides.Then who should I blame? I retorted.He halfway smiled it was a bleak, twisted thing.You dont want to hear that.The hell I dont I snapped. I want to know, and I want to know now.Youre wrong, he snapped back.Dont you dare tell me Im wrongIm not the one who got brainwashed Tell me now whose fault this all is, if its not your precious SamYou asked for it, he growled at me, eyes glinting hard. If you want to blame someone, why dont you grade your finger at those filthy, smell bloodsuckers that you love so much?My mouth fell open and my breath came out with a whooshing sound. I was frozen in place, stabbed through with his double-edged words. The pain twisted in familiar patterns through my body, the saw-toothed hole ripping me open from the inside out, but it was second place, background music to the chaos of my thoughts. I couldnt believe that Id heard him correctly. There was no trace of indecision in his face. Only fury.My mouth still hung wide.I told you that you didnt want to hear it, he said.I dont understand who you mean, I whispered.He raised one eyebrow in disbelief. I think you understand exactly who I mean. Youre not going to make me say it, are you? I dont like painfulness you.I dont understand who you mean, I repeated mechanically.The Cullens, he said slowly, drawing out the word, scrutinizing my face as he spoke it. I saw thatI can see in your eyes what it does to you when I say their name.I shook my head back and aside in denial, trying to clear it at the same time. How did he know this? And how did it have anything to do with Sams cult? Was it a gang of vampire-haters? What was the point of forming such a society when no vampires lived in Forks anymore? Why would Jacob start believing the stories about the Cullens now, when the evidence of them was long gone, never to return?It took me too long to come up with the correct response. Dont tell me youre listening to Billys superstitious nonsense now, I said with a game attempt at mockery.He knows more than I gave him credit for.Be serious, Jacob.He glared at me, his eyes critical.Superstitions aside, I said quickly. I stil l dont see what youre accusing the Cullenswinceof. They left more than half a year ago. How can you blame them for what Sam is doing now?Sam isnt doing anything, Bella. And I know theyre gone. But sometimes things are set in motion, and then its too late.Whats set in motion? Whats too late? What are you blaming them for?He was suddenly right in my face, his fury glowing in his eyes. For existing, he hissed.I was surprised and distracted as the warning words came in Edwards voice again, when I wasnt even scared.Quiet now, Bella. Dont push him, Edward cautioned in my ear.Ever since Edwards name had broken through the careful walls Id buried it behind, Id been ineffective to lock it up again. It didnt hurt nownot during the precious seconds when I could hear his voice.Jacob was fuming in front of me, quivering with anger.I didnt understand why the Edward delusion was unexpectedly in my mind. Jacob was livid, but he was Jacob. There was no adrenaline, no danger.Give him a chance to cal m down, Edwards voice insisted.I shook my head in confusion. Youre being ridiculous, I told them both.Fine, Jacob answered, breathing deeply again. I wont argue it with you. It doesnt matter anyway, thedamage is done.What damage?He didnt ricochet as I shouted the words in his face.Lets head back. Theres nothing more to say.I gaped. Theres everything more to say You havent said anything yetHe walked past me, striding back toward the house.I ran into Quil today, I yelled after him.He paused midstep, but didnt turn.You remember your friend, Quil? Yeah, hes terrified.Jacob whirled to face me. His expression was pained. Quil was all he said.Hes worried about you, too. Hes freaked out.Jacob stared past me with desperate eyes.I goaded him further. Hes frightened that hes next.Jacob clutched at a tree for support, his face turning a strange shade of green under the red-brown surface. He wont be next, Jacob muttered to himself. He cant be. Its over now. This shouldnt still be happening. Why ? Why? His fist slammed against the tree. It wasnt a big tree, slender and only a few feet taller than Jacob. But it still surprised me when tht trunk gave way and snapped off loudly under his blows.Jacob stared at the sharp, broken point with shock that quickly turned to horror.I have to get back. He whirled and stalked away so swiftly that I had to jog to keep up.Back to SamThats one way of looking at it, it sounded like he said. He was mumbling and facing away.I chased him back to the truck. Wait I called as he turned toward the house.He spun around to face me, and I saw that his hands were shaking again.Go home, Bella. I cant hang out with you anymore.The silly, inconsequential hurt was incredibly potent. The tears welled up again. Are you breaking up with me? The words were all wrong, but they were the best way I could think to develop what I was asking. After all, what Jake and I had was more than any schoolyard romance. Stronger.He barked out a bitter laugh. Hardly. If that were the case, Id say Lets stay friends. I cant even say that.Jacob why? Sam wont let you have other friends? Please, Jake. You promised. I need you The blank emptiness of my life beforebefore Jacob brought some semblance of reason back into itreared up and confronted me. bleakness choked in my throat.Im sorry, Bella, Jacob said each word distinctly in a cold voice that didnt seem to belong to him.I didnt believe that this was really what Jacob wanted to say. It seemed like there was something else trying to be said through his angry eyes, but I couldnt understand the message.Maybe this wasnt about Sam at all. Maybe this had nothing to do with the Cullens. Maybe he was just trying to pull himself out of a hopeless situation. Maybe I should let him do that, if thats what was best for him. I should do that. It would be right.But I heard my voice escaping in a whisper.Im sorry that I couldnt before I wish I could change how I feel about you, Jacob. I was desperate, reaching, stretchin g the truth so far that it curved nearly into the shape of a lie. Maybe maybe I would change, I whispered. Maybe, if you gave me some time just dont quit on me now, Jake. I cant take it.His face went from anger to agony in a second. One shaking hand reached out toward me.No. Dont think like that, Bella, please. Dont blame yourself, dont think this is your fault. This one is all me. I swear, its not about you.Its not you, its me, I whispered. Theres a new one.I mean it, Bella. Im not he struggled, his voice going even huskier as he fought to control his emotion. His eyes were tortured. Im not good enough to be your friend anymore, or anything else. Im not what I was before. Im not good.What? I stared at him, confused and appalled. What are you saying? Youre much better than I am, Jake. You are good Who told you that you arent? Sam? Its a vicious lie, Jacob Dont let him tell you that I was suddenly yelling again.Jacobs face went hard and flat. No one had to tell me anything. I know wh at I am.Youre my friend, thats what you are JakedontHe was backing away from me.Im sorry, Bella, he said again this time it was a broken mumble. He turned and almost ran into the house.I was unable to move from where I stood. I stared at the little house it looked too small to hold four man-sized boys and two larger men. There was no reaction inside. No flutter at the edge of the curtain, no sound of voices or movement. It faced me vacantly.The rain started to drizzle, stinging here and there against my skin. I couldnt take my eyes off the house. Jacob would come back. He had to.The rain picked up, and so did the wind. The drops were no longer falling from above they non-white at an angle from the west. I could smell the brine from the ocean. My hair whipped in my face, sticking to the wet places and tangling in my lashes. I waited.Finally the door opened, and I took a step forward in relief.Billy rolling his chair into the door frame. I could see no one behind him.Charlie just ca lled, Bella. I told him you were on your way home. His eyes were full of pity.The pity made it final somehow. I didnt comment. I just turned robotically and climbed in my truck. Id left the windows open and the seats were slick and wet. It didnt matter. I was already soaked.Not as bad Not as bad my mind tried to comfort me. It was true. This wasnt as bad. This wasnt the end of the world, not again. This was just the end of what little peace there was left behind. That was all.Not as bad, I agreed, then added, but bad enough.Id thought Jake had been healing the hole in meor at least plugging it up, safekeeping it from hurting me so much. Id been wrong. Hed just been carving out his own hole, so that I was now riddled through like Swiss cheese. I wondered why I didnt crumble into pieces.Charlie was waiting on the porch. As I trilled to a stop, he walked out to meet me.Billy called. He said you got in fight with Jakesaid you were beautiful upset, he explained as he opened my door for me.Then he looked at my face. A kind of horrified recognition registered in his expression. I tried to feel my face from the inside out, to know what he was seeing. My face felt empty and cold, and I realized what it would remind him of.Thats not exactly how it happened, I muttered.Charlie put his arm around me and helped me out of the car. He didnt comment on my sodden clothes.Then what did happen he asked when we were inside. He pulled the afghan off the back of the sofa as he spoke and wrapped it around my shoulders. I realized I was shivering still.My voice was lifeless. Sam Uley says Jacob cant be my friend anymore.Charlie shot me a strange look. Who told you that?Jacob, I stated, though that wasnt exactly what hed said. It was still true.Charlies eyebrows pulled together. You really think theres something wrong with the Uley kid?I know there is. Jacob wouldnt tell me what, though. I could hear the water from my clothes dripping to the floor and splashing on the linoleum. Im g oing to go change.Charlie was lost in thought. Okay, he said absently.I decided to take a shower because I was so cold, but the hot water didnt seem to affect the temperature of my skin. I was still freezing when I gave up and shut the water off. In the sudden quiet, I could hear Charlie talk to someone downstairs. I wrapped a towel around me, and cracked the bathroom door.Charlies voice was angry. Im not buying that. It doesnt make any sense.It was quiet then, and I realized he was on the phone. A minute passed.Dont you put this on Bella Charlie suddenly shouted.I jumped. When he spoke again, his voice was careful and lower. Bellas made it very clear all along thatshe and Jacob were just friends Well, if that was it, then why didnt you say so at first? No, Billy, I think shes right about this Because I know my girl, and if she says Jacob was scared before He was cut off mid-sentence, and when he answered he was almost shouting again.What do you mean I dont know my daughter as wel l as I think I do He listened for a brief second, and his response was almost too low for me to hear. If you think Im going to remind her about that, then you had better think again. Shes only just starting to get over it, and mostly because of Jacob, I think. If whatever Jacob has going on with this Sam character sends her back into that depression, then Jacob is going to have to answer to me. Youre my friend, Billy, but this is hurting my family.There was another break for Billy to respond.You got that rightthose boys set one toe out of line and Im going to know about it. Well be keeping an eye on the situation, you can be sure of that. He was no longer Charlie he was Chief Swan now.Fine. Yeah. Goodbye. The phone slammed into the cradle.I tiptoed quickly across the foyer into my room. Charlie was muttering angrily in the kitchen.So Billy was going to blame me. I was leading Jacob on and hed finally had enough.It was strange, for Id feared that myself, but after the last thing Jac ob had said this afternoon, I didnt believe it anymore. There was much more to this than an unrequited crush, and it surprised me that Billy would stoop to claiming that. It made me think that whatever secret they were keeping was bigger than Id been imagining. At least Charlie was on my side now.I put my pajamas on and crawled into bed. Life seemed dark enough at the moment chat I let myself cheat. The holeholes nowwere already aching, so why not? I pulled out the shopnor a real memory that would hurt too much, but the false memory of Edwards voice in my mind this afternoonand played it over and over in my head until I fell asleep with the tears still streaming calmly down my empty face.It was a new dream tonight. Rain was falling and Jacob was walking soundlessly beside me, though beneath my feet the ground crunched like dry gravel. But he wasnt my Jacob he was the new, bitter, graceful Jacob. The smooth suppleness of his walk reminded me of someone else, and, as I watched, his f eatures started to change. The russet color of his skin leached away, leaving his face pale white like bone. His eyes turned gold, and then crimson, and then back to gold again. His shorn hair twisted in the breeze, turning bronze where the wind touched it. And his face became so beautiful that it shattered my heart. I reached for him, but he took a step away, raising his hands like a shield. And then Edward vanished.I wasnt sure, when I woke in the dark, if Id just begun crying, or if my tears had run while I slept and simply continued now. I stared at my dark ceiling. I could feel that it was the middle of the nightI was still half-asleep, maybe more than half. I closed my eyes wearily and prayed for a dreamless sleep.Thats when I heard the noise that must have wakened me in the first place. Something sharp scraped along the length of my window with a high-pitched squeal, like fingernails against the glass.

Graduate Teacher Programme Essay

My passion in learn children and young adults with diversified market-gardening is attuned with my oral and written skills in the following languages German, French, Spanish, Latin, and English. Early in life, I discovered that I have an innate ability to learn foreign languages and a lancinate cheer in being with people with diverse nationalities. Though I am often regarded as a polyglot, there is nothing more fulfilling in my life than to be an effective educator.My interest in the field of education was confirmed when I started tutoring a young Vietnamese girl and working as an education coordinator of OBI, a DIY company in Germany. Although I will earn my first year of direction experience in July 2009, the love of being with children and explaining their lessons in simple and well-organized manner has made my teachings useful, fun and flabby to understand.In addition, I always inject a sense of humour to encourage active involvement and to make the learning atmosphere rel axing and conducive to the individual differences of the young learners. I am in full aware that teaching is a challenging job but the intrinsic reward of awakening students interest and transforming them into a person capable of productively applying the knowledge that they have gained outweighs the challenges of this profession.In spite of being fortify with the language proficiency skills that gave me the ability to speak English and four European languages, my desire to teach my autochthonic German language to young adults in the United Kingdom will only be manageable upon the completion of the Graduate Teacher Programme of CILT. I am determined to earn a teaching credential in UK so I can teach and provide students with insights into my countrys history, culture and people. I believe that with my language skills, dedication to my profession, and the experiences that I have gained from my travel exposures, I am in line for admission in this Graduate programme.

American Childhood Essay

In the book An American Childhood, Annie Dillard tells many antithetical stories throughout her life to support her main purpose. Dillards purpose in this book is to show us how we look at everything thing in an aw when we are young, but once we pass off a trusted age, life exclusively forms us and we dont see anything in an aw anymore once we reach adulthood. In part one, Dillard shows us her life through her eyes and how she sees everything in that aw. She tells us how amazing it is to predominate the dime in the dark alley that she believes is an awesome place. If Dillard was to walk through this same ally in part three of this book, she probably wouldnt care about the alley because she doesnt see anything in an aw anymore. As Dillard gets older, different things appeal to her eyes when she is wondering the streets. In part one, she was so interested in the dime from the dark alley, and then in part two, Dillard was curious about the strand man with beer in the back of his t ruck and the morse code. As the book goes on, Dillard develops a stronger meaning in life and has a wider vocabulary selection. When reading the three different parts in the book, you can see the change in age because her stories seem to not be as happy because she isnt living in that aw life.Dillard celebrates just living life, the wonders of the world and what amazing things it has to offer. She shows us how we perceive those possibilities as we are young and when we become older, what genius the world can be as we explore it. In Part three Dillard because a consentaneous new person, or so she thinks. She loses all the aw she had as a child and realized how she can bind her own decisions in life, she doesnt have to listen to anyone and she didnt manage that. Dillard states I was growing and thinning, as if pulled. I was getting angry, as if pushed. I morally disapproved most things in North America, and blamed my irreproachable parents for them. My feelings deepened and linge red. The swift moods of early childhood-each formed by and suited to its occasion-vanished. Now feelings lasted so long they left stains (Dillard 2220). Dillard didnt feel the support to help her in decision making from her parents anymore and she disliked that. During this chapter, Dillard really takes the deflect for the worst and starts to make some bad decisions. She tells us how She couldnt remember how to forget herself( Dillard 224). This shows how life hit her like a brick wall and she isnt seeing life in an aw now and she doesnt like a single second of it.